DC Motor Modelling Lab Report

Experiment 1: DC Motor Modelling

Abstract

The experiment is on the DC motor modelling along with DC motor validation. The system of DC analysed in this experiment by the connection of hardware and software. The bump test method is done which depends on responses of the stable system. By the simulation, the modelling parameters founded in this study. K is steady-state gain and ? is time constant. In the validation, the values of K and ? tested to get the better output results of the rotation of the DC motor. This study discusses the theory of experiments. The results are obtained through practical evaluation and calculation.

Keywords: modelling parameters, steady-state gain

Introduction

A DC motor is the machine which transforms the electric energy in mechanical energy in the form of the rotation. The movement of the DC motor produced through physical electromagnetism behaviour. DC motors also have the inductors and create a magnetic field which used for generating the movement. In the DC motor modelling, the motor converts electrical current armature n mechanical torque that applied to shaft. An applied torque then produces the velocity to inertia and friction of load and motor. The common device usually used as the actuator in the mechanical control is DC motor [1].

            In this study, the experiment is done on DC motor modelling. The theory of the experiment discussed and it also evaluates the results on the basis of the experiment performed with the connection of both software and hardware. This study shows the phase experiment of DC motor about modelling.

 Theory

In the experiment, there has a DC motor which works on the circuit. A DC motor has a disc which is coupled with it. It operates with software to control the speed of the disc in DC motor. The software that is used DC motor modelling is LabView for the phase section. The hardware is connected to the computer and when Dc motor rotates the output of the motor comes on the software. The signal of the motor fluctuating On and Off square wave and continuous in 10 sec. The input seems to be in the square wave in 0 and 1. To control the speed of the motor, the motor will model. For modelling, the values of amplitude, K and frequency adjusted. I modelling the DC motor corresponding speed along with the voltage responses as in input. The experiment takes the speed of the measurements of responses.

 In the signal generator, the amplitude is 2V, frequency is 0.4 HZ and offset is 3.0V in 10 sec. The peak value of the output signal also evaluated. The bump test method is the test on the step response for a stable system. With the chosen constant input, the system reaches on equilibrium and input change to the new level which records the output [2].

The modelling parameters K and ? are calculated by bumptest method.

K= ?y?u

As y is the speed difference and u is the voltage input difference. And the model time constant is:

?=t1-t0

Model validation is done in the experiment. In the validation process, the value of K increased and the value of  ? decreased. In this way, the input and output signal match and complete the modelling of the Dc motor.

Result and discussion

At the start of the experiment, the input and output signal simulation evaluated. When the software is run, then automatically the hardware disc run. When the signal generates ON/OFF the time noted. The motor speed has the input in time at which input has 1V and output tries to be the similar input shape and reaches steady-state value. In the 3V amplitude, the speed is high. If the frequency is less, then there would be less repetition of the signal. On 0 frequency, there is no repetition in the signal. The speed and voltage used for computing the steady-state gain of DC motor as it is the time-constant [3].

DC motor has a disc which rotates and gives transitional motion and generate a signal in the software. The square signal produce and input signal and output signal have amplitude and frequency differences among them which modelled to make the same signal. For this purpose, the modelling and validation are done in this experiment by changing the values of modelling parameters.  The speed of the motor has a similar shape as simulation with fluctuation because of the external factors. The experiments explain the modelling of DC motor by evaluating DC motor responses. The experimentation is done by using the open-loop system. The calculated values in the experiment give a much better response of the system and values of K and ? are calculated to achieve the response.

Conclusion

It concludes that the purpose of the experiment is successfully achieved. Both model validation and bump test method shows the best results in the experiment. The modelling of the DC motor is done on the Lab View software. The modelling of DC motor comprehends response and also performs system because of different input signals and it can be improved in further modelling perform. The variation of speed in the modelling also evaluated which needs more experimentation.

References

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