The height of a person as they started growing and slowly-slowly, and slows down and stops by the age nearly 25-30. The change in growth occurs due to the active division of almost all types of cells in the body, because it is necessary to increase the musculoskeletal system (bones, muscles), and this requires an increase in the length of the blood vessels and the esophagus. A large mass requires more oxygen - the lungs enlarge, and the surface of the body also increases. Thus, changing growth requires the coordinated work of many groups of genes that control the number of various cells in the human body.
A child's height is determined by the genetic pattern of both parents, and other factors like their lifestyle, nutrition, diet. and the enthusiastic out there who are super curious about their heights can use a height calculator to predict their future height.
Until recently, it was believed that only a few genes are responsible for human growth, but recent studies indicate that variations in the DNA of about three hundred genes are responsible for growth. They are especially important before and during puberty.
For example, for whites in Australia, the United States, and much of Europe, it has been found that genetic inheritance contributes to the growth of about 80%.
By the way, growth hormone or somatotropin is produced by the pituitary gland. The hormone regulates a person's height and proportional body development. With its excess, a person develops gigantism, and with a deficiency, dwarfism.
In addition to genetics, growth is influenced by place of residence, climate, and dietary patterns in childhood. Due to good nutrition, we can add to ourselves only no more than a couple of centimeters.
At the same time, the lack of normal nutrition during infancy and during the period of maturation can lead to the fact that a person will not be able to realize his genetic potential. This will lead to the fact that his growth will be less than he could be. The most important nutrient for a baby is protein. For future growth, calcium, trace elements, vitamins D and A are needed.
From this, we can conclude that in developed countries, where nutrition in childhood is more complete, heredity comes first, in poor countries the contribution of genetics to growth will be less.
Scientists have found that low birth weight or preterm birth are important parameters in predicting short stature.
Where the child grows also depends on his growth. Research has shown that northerners are significantly higher than southerners. It is noticed that the inhabitants of the tropical zone and highlands have a relatively smaller height. Hot climates and high altitudes slow down the growth process but can accelerate the biological maturation of children.
Of course, you cannot influence genetics in any way, but it is quite possible to influence external factors. Regular exercise and exercise strengthens muscles and bones and promotes the production of growth hormones. Good sleep also affects the production of the hormone.
Men are slightly larger than women, mainly due to the length of their legs. During the active period of growth, the female body increases not only in height but also in width: wider hips are formed, adapted for childbirth.
Improved nutrition, good health, and overall improved quality of life are believed to have played an important role in the growth spurt. This probably does not mean that over time, humanity will become even higher. Despite the signs of growth, archaeological studies of the skeletons of the Mesolithic period showed an "increase" in height of about 12 centimeters over 10 thousand years.
